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MRI Artifacts
  
Ultrasound Imaging Artifacts Open this link in a new window
Machine Imperfection Artifact 
Quick Overview
Please note that there are different common names for this artifact.
Artifact Information
NAME
Machine imperfection, data error
DESCRIPTION
Striped ghosts with a shift of half the field of view
REASON
Non-uniform sampling, phase differences
HELP
Data correction
Machine imperfection-based artifacts manifest themselves due to the fact that the odd k-space lines are acquired in a different direction than the even k-space lines. Slight differences in timing result in shifts of the echo in the acquisition window. By the shift theorem, such shifts in the time domain data then produce linear phase differences in the frequency domain data.
Without correction, such phase differences in every second line produce striped ghosts with a shift of half the field of view, so-called Nyquist ghosts. Shifts in the applied magnetic field can also produce similar (but constant in amplitude) ghosts.
This artifact is commonly seen in an EPI image and can arise from both, hardware and sample imperfections.
A further source of machine-based artifact arises from the need to acquire the signal as quickly as possible. For this reason the EPI signal is often acquired during times when the gradients are being switched. Such sampling effectively means that the k-space sampling is not uniform, resulting in ringing artifacts in the image.
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Image Guidance
Such artifacts can be minimized by careful setup of the spectrometer and/or correction of the data. For this reasons reference data are often collected, either as a separate scan or embedded in the imaging data. The non-uniform sampling can be removed by knowing the form of the gradient switching. It is possible to regrid the data onto a uniform k-space grid.

• View the DATABASE results for 'Machine Imperfection Artifact' (2).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
MRI Artifact Gallery
   by chickscope.beckman.uiuc.edu    
Similar Artifacts:
 • Corrupted Data (Artifact)
 • Sample Imperfection (Artifact)
  Magic Angle Effect (Artifact) top
 
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 [last update: 2024-02-26 03:41:00]