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 'Magnetic Fringe Field' 
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Magnetic Fringe FieldInfoSheet: - Coils - 
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The region surrounding a magnet and exhibiting a magnetic field strength, which is significantly higher than the earth's magnetic field (typically 0.05-0.1 mT, depending on geographical location). Initially the most magnets had very extensive fringe fields. Magnets with iron have reduced the fringe field substantially (passively shielded magnets). At least, adding appropriate additional superconducting coils to superconducting magnets has resulted in a drastic reduction of the extent of the fringe fields (actively shielded magnets).
Due to the physical properties of magnetic fields, the magnetic flux, which penetrates the useful volume of the magnet will return through the surroundings of the magnet to form closed field lines. Depending on the magnet construction, the returning flux will penetrate large open spaces (unshielded magnets) or will be confined largely to iron yokes or through secondary coils (shielded magnets).
Fringe fields constitute one of the major hazards of MR scanners as these fields acting over extended distances outside the magnet produce strong attractive forces upon magnetic objects. These can thus 'fly' into the magnet when loose nearby acting like projectiles. Fringe fields also exert unwanted forces on metallic implants in patients.
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    • 5 Gauss Line
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    • 5 Gauss Fringe Field
 
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Magnetic Field
   by hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu    
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Fringe Field
 
The magnetic field outside the magnet, which is also called the stray field. Its strength depends on the magnet type and the field strength. The higher the field strength, the larger the fringe field.

See Magnetic Fringe Field.
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Further Reading:
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Physics of MRI Safety
   by www.aapm.org    
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Implant and Prosthesis - General - DICOM - Cochlear Implant - Breast Implant - Musculoskeletal and Joint MRI
 
Yoke
 
High permeability structure used to concentrate the magnetic flux inside itself and thus decrease the magnetic fringe field and increase the field strength in the useful volume of a magnet.
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O-SCAN™InfoSheet: - Devices -
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www.fonar.com/standup.htm www.fonar.com/standup.htm O-scan is manufactured and distributed by Esaote SpA
O-scan is a compact, dedicated extremity MRI system designed for easy installation and high throughput. The complete system fits in a 9' x 10' room, doesn't need for RF or magnetic shielding and it plugs in the wall. The 0.31T permanent magnet along with dual phased array RF coils, and advanced imaging protocols provide outstanding image quality and fast 25 minute complete examinations.
Esaote North America is the exclusive distributor of the O-scan system in the USA.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Dedicated Extremity
CONFIGURATION
Closed
Dual phased array knee, hand, foot//ankle/elbow
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, HSE, HFE, GE, 2dGE, ME, IR, STIR, Stir T2, GESTIR, TSE, TME, FSE STIR, FSE (T1, T2), X-Bone, Turbo 3DT1, 3D SHARC, 3D SST1, 3D SST2
IMAGING MODES
2D, 3D multi-plane, half echo, half scan, real time
TR
10 - 10,000 msec.
TE
6 - 220 msec.
SINGLE SLICE
0.1 sec.
MULTI SLICE
0.1 sec.
14 cm
2D: 2mm - 10 mm, 3D: 0.6 - 10 mm
MEASURING MATRIX
512 x 512 max.
PIXEL INTENSITY
4,096 grey levels
MAGNET TYPE
Permanent - NdFeB
MAGNET WEIGHT
2,733 lbs
POWER REQUIREMENTS
100/110/200/220/230/240
STRENGTH
20 mT/m
5 GAUSS FRINGE FIELD, radial/axial
67 cm / 75 cm
passive
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ARTOSCAN™ - MInfoSheet: - Devices -
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www.gemedicalsystems.com/rad/mri/products/artoscan/specs.html Developed by GE Lunar; the ARTOSCAN™-M is designed specifically for in-office musculoskeletal imaging. ARTOSCAN-M's compact, modular design allows placing within a clinical environment, bringing MRI to the patient. Patients remain outside the magnet at all times during the examinations, enabling constant patient-technologist contact. ARTOSCAN-M requires no special RF room, magnetic shielding, special power supply or air conditioning.
The C-SCAN™ (also known as Artoscan C) is developed from the ARTOSCAN™ - M, with a new computer platform.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Dedicated extremity
CONFIGURATION
Closed
Linear and dual phased array coil, knee, ankle, wrist coils
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, GE, IR, STIR, FSE, 3D CE, GE-STIR, 3D GE, ME, TME, HSE
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine
TR
12 - 5,000 msec
TE
5 - 220 msec
SINGLE SLICE
0.8 sec/image
MULTISLICE
0.8 sec/image
FOV
10 - 20 cm
SLICE THICKNESS
2D: 2 mm - 10 mm;
3D: 0.6 mm - 10 mm
512 x 512
MEASURING MATRIX
256 x 256 maximum
PIXEL INTENSITY
4,096 gray lvls, 256 lvls in 3D
MAGNET TYPE
Ferrite Permanent
MAGNET WEIGHT
965 kg
POWER REQUIREMENTS
100/110/200/220/230/240V
STRENGTH
10 mT/m
5 GAUSS FRINGE FIELD, radial/axial
28 cm/60 cm
Passive
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MRI is trending to low field magnets :
reduced costs will lead to this change 
AI will close the gap to high field 
only in remote areas 
is only temporary 
never 

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