The
cardiac anatomy is complex, and
cardiac structures have different appearances depending on the
imaging plane. The most useful
imaging planes are those parallel and perpendicular to the
cardiac axes.
The short axis (SA), vertical long
cardiac axis (VLA - 2 chamber
view - 2C) and horizontal long axis (HLA - 4 chamber
view - 4C) are the standard views in
cardiovascular imaging. The
orientation of a heart is described relative to an
imaginary line drawn from the base of the heart (valve plane) to the apex.
Obtaining
cine images in these double-
oblique planes requires the use of multiple localizing
MRI sequences and knowledge of the
cardiac anatomy.
The long axis image plane is determined by the line that runs from the apex of the heart to a midpoint at the base of the heart, often taken to be midway between the mitral valve leaflets. The short axis is planned perpendicular to the long axis
view.