(DICOM) DICOM is the industry standard for transferral of radiologic images and other medical information between computers. Patterned after the Open System Interconnection of the International Standards Organization, DICOM enables digital communication between diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and systems from various manufacturers.
The DICOM 3.0 standard evolved from versions 1.0 (1985) and 2.0 (1988) of a standard developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) and National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). To support the implementation and demonstration of DICOM 3.0, the RSNA Electronic Communications Committee began to work with the ACR-NEMA MedPacs ad hoc section in 1992.
Also Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), which are connected with the Radiology Information System (RIS) use commonly the DICOM standard for the transfer and storage of medical images.

Swiss-based, formerly Bruker AG - split on the 5th October 2001 into the groups: Bruker Daltonics (Mass spectroscopy), Bruker Optics (Infrared spectroscopy), Bruker AXS (X-ray spectroscopy) and Bruker BioSpin (The largest part, the NMR business core, the EPR and the Tomography activities).
Product Lines:

From GE Healthcare;
GE Healthcare has added the Signa HDe 1.5T™, a compact MRI device at an affordable price to its family of MRI products. It has a single electronic cabinet that can be positioned inside the scanner room rather than in a separate equipment room. The Signa HDe 1.5T can be installed in the same physical location as 0.5T MRI systems with minimal construction costs. According to GE, the installation has been simplified to last only 7 days and has a 30 percent smaller footprint than a typical 1.5T system.
The 1.5T Signa™ HDe MRI system is substantially equivalent to the currently marketed GE 1.5T machines. The data acquisition system supports 1, 4, 8 independent receive channels and multiple independent coil elements per channel during a single acquisition series. The gradient specifications of HDe are lower than other GE Signa 1.5T MRI systems, but it can support clinical applications in cardiac and spectroscopy imaging.

Sinerem® is the brand name (same as Combidex®) for an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) to detect metastatic disease in lymph nodes. Metastatic nodes show less uptake of this MRI contrast agent, which results in less signal decrease and allows the differentiation of normal lymph nodes from normal-sized, metastatic nodes.
Lymph node imaging with Sinerem® is performed 24 to 36 hours after slow infusion. Normal lymph nodes turn black post contrast, namely on T2* weighted images. Metastatic lymph nodes remain unchanged in signal intensity.
Indication and Diseases: Cancer, Imaging for diagnosis, Lymphatic disorders.
See Ferumoxtran, and Classifications, Characteristics, etc.

Guerbet decided in 2007 to withdraw its Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) for Sinerem.

If the receiving RF coil is sensitive to tissue signal arising from outside the desired FOV, this undesired signal may be incorrectly mapped to a location within the image, a phenomenon known as aliasing. This is a consequence of the acquired k-space frequencies not being sampled densely enough, whereby portions of the object outside of the desired FOV get mapped to an incorrect location inside the FOV. The sampling frequency should be at least twice the frequency being sampled. The maximum measurable frequency is therefore equal to half the sampling frequency. This is the so-called Nyquist limit. When the frequency is higher than the Nyquist limit, aliasing occurs.
A similar problem occurs in the phase encoding direction, where the phases of signal-bearing tissues outside of the FOV in the y-direction are a replication of the phases that are encoded within the FOV. This signal will be mapped, or wrapped back into the image at incorrect locations, and is seen as artifact.

See also Aliasing Artifact.