See Central Point Artifact.

Quick Overview
Please note that there are different common names for this artifact.

This artifact appears as a bright spot (or zipper line) in the image center. Central point artifacts are caused by a DC offset in the hardware. MRI scanners normally offer a software compensation (DC correction, baseline correction) for prevention.

Take care for a constant temperature. If the problem increases or keeps on existing, it should be addressed to the service.

This artifact looks like a pixel at the exact center, which is brighter or darker than the surroundings by the Fourier transformation of a constant raw data offset.

See Central Point Artifact.

Quick Overview

This artifact is uncommon with modern MRI equipment, but possible. It can occur if there are bad memory locations or bad connectors in the parallel data bus of the computer.

This artifact is the result of a hardware failure and must be addressed by a service representative.

(ADC) A diffusion coefficient to differentiate T2 shine through effects or artifacts from real ischemic lesions. In the human brain, water diffusion is a three-dimensional process that is not truly random because the diffusional motion of water is impeded by natural barriers. These barriers are cell membranes, myelin sheaths, white matter fiber tracts, and protein molecules.
The apparent water diffusion coefficients can be calculated by acquiring two or more images with a different gradient duration and amplitude (b-values). The contrast in the ADC map depends on the spatially distributed diffusion coefficient of the acquired tissues and does not contain T1 and T2* values.
The increased sensitivity of diffusion-weighted MRI in detecting acute ischemia is thought to be the result of the water shift intracellularly restricting motion of water protons (cytotoxic edema), whereas the conventional T2 weighted images show signal alteration mostly as a result of vasogenic edema.
The reduced ADC value also could be the result of decreased temperature in the nonperfused tissues, loss of brain pulsations leading to a decrease in apparent proton motion, increased tissue osmolality associated with ischemia, or a combination of these factors. The lower ADC measurements seen with early ischemia, have not been fully established, however, a lower apparent ADC is a sensitive indicator of early ischemic brain at a stage when ischemic tissue remains potentially salvageable.

See also Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Tractography.