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MRI Resources 
Pacemaker - RIS - Breast Implant - Guidance - Used and Refurbished MRI Equipment - Equipment
 
Signa HDx 3.0T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
gehealthcare.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hdx-3t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
The Signa HDx MRI system is GE's leading edge whole body magnetic resonance scanner designed to support high resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and short scan times.
Signa HDx 3.0T offers new technologies like ultra-fast image reconstruction through the new XVRE recon engine, advancements in parallel imaging algorithms and the broadest range of premium applications. The HD applications, PROPELLER (high-quality brain imaging extremely resistant to motion artifacts), TRICKS (contrast-enhanced angiographic vascular lower leg imaging), VIBRANT (for breast MRI), LAVA (high resolution liver imaging with shorter breath holds and better organ coverage) and MR Echo (high-definition cardiac images in real time) offer unique capabilities.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Head and body coil, T/R quadrature head; optional coils e.g., T/R phased array extremity abdomen, spine, breast, knee, shoulder, cardiac imaging coils
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE, RF-spoiled GRE, 2DFGRE, 2DFSPGR, 3DFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 3DTOFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 2DFSE, 2DFSE-XL, 2DFSE-IR, T1-FLAIR, SSFSE, EPI, DW-EPI, BRAVO, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D phase contrast vascular
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine, localizer
1 cm to 40 cm continuous
2D 0.5 mm; 3D 0.1 mm
1024 x 1024
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
60 cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
12000 kg
H*W*D
240 x 2216,6 x 201,6 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415, 3 phase ||
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled grad.
0.03 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
23 - 50 mT/m
80 - 150 mT/m/ms
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.8 m / 5.0 m
second and high order
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MRI Resources 
MRI Training Courses - Case Studies - Pregnancy - Mobile MRI Rental - RIS - Functional MRI
 
FORTE 3.0T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.isoltech.co.kr/english/product/30t.htm From ISOL Technology
'Ultra high field MR system, it's right close to you. FORTE 3.0T is the new standard for the future ultra high field MR system. If you are pushing the limits of your existing clinical MR scanner, the FORTE will surely take you to the next level of diagnostic imaging. FORTE is the core leader of the medical technology in the 21st century. Proving effects of fMRI that cannot be measured with MRI less than 2.0T.'
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Short bore compact
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral: Optional/yes, external trigger, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
Spin echo, Gradient echo, Fast spin echo, Inversion recovery, 2D/3D Fast gradient echo sequences FLAIR/STIR, 2D/3D TOF
IMAGING MODES
2D/3D, T1, T2 and Diffusion//Perfusion imaging, MR Angiography package, Advanced EPI package, Multi-nuclei MR Spectroscopy package
FOV
40 cm
128 x 128, 256 x 256, 512 x 512, 1024 x 1024
BORE DIAMETER
or W x H
61 cm without body coil
MAGNET WEIGHT
12000 kg
H*W*D
260 x 220 x 235 cm
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Water-cooled coil and air-cooled amplifier
CRYOGEN USE
0.15 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
38 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
3.3 m / 5.2 m
Passive and active
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MRI Resources 
Chemistry - MRI Centers - Case Studies - Safety Products - Supplies - Knee MRI
 
RELAX 0.35T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.isoltech.co.kr/english/product/035t.htm From ISOL Technology
'RELAX is open type MRI system created by making up for the weakness of existing conventional MR systems and applying the strength and the application of the middle to high field MR without uncompromising the image quality.
RELAX offers you a premium mix of form, performance and functionality that are patient and user friendly beyond comparison. - New breed of MRI pursuing - patients comfort'
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Open
Head, C-spine, L-spine, TMJ, Knee, Shoulder, General purpose, Phased Array System: 4 digital receiver channels (Up to 12 channels)
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral: Optional/yes, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
2D/3D Spin echo, 2D/3D Gradient echo, 2D/3D Fast spin echo, Inversion recovery, 2D/3D Fast gradient echo sequences, FLAIR/STIR, 2D/3D TOF
IMAGING MODES
3D volume imaging (MIP, MPR) MR Angiography package
30 cm
MAGNET TYPE
Permanent
40 cm diameter (patient)
MAGNET WEIGHT
13500 kg
H*W*D
170 x 210 x 130 cm
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Water-cooled coil and air-cooled amplifier
STRENGTH
25 - 30 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
lower than 2.4 m from the iso-center
Passive and active
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MRI Resources 
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Gradient Echo SequenceForum -
related threadsInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
Intro, 
Overview, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
Gradient Echo Sequence Timing Diagram (GRE - sequence) A gradient echo is generated by using a pair of bipolar gradient pulses. In the pulse sequence timing diagram, the basic gradient echo sequence is illustrated. There is no refocusing 180° pulse and the data are sampled during a gradient echo, which is achieved by dephasing the spins with a negatively pulsed gradient before they are rephased by an opposite gradient with opposite polarity to generate the echo.
See also the Pulse Sequence Timing Diagram. There you will find a description of the components.
The excitation pulse is termed the alpha pulse α. It tilts the magnetization by a flip angle α, which is typically between 0° and 90°. With a small flip angle there is a reduction in the value of transverse magnetization that will affect subsequent RF pulses. The flip angle can also be slowly increased during data acquisition (variable flip angle: tilt optimized nonsaturation excitation). The data are not acquired in a steady state, where z-magnetization recovery and destruction by ad-pulses are balanced. However, the z-magnetization is used up by tilting a little more of the remaining z-magnetization into the xy-plane for each acquired imaging line.
Gradient echo imaging is typically accomplished by examining the FID, whereas the read gradient is turned on for localization of the signal in the readout direction. T2* is the characteristic decay time constant associated with the FID. The contrast and signal generated by a gradient echo depend on the size of the longitudinal magnetization and the flip angle. When α = 90° the sequence is identical to the so-called partial saturation or saturation recovery pulse sequence. In standard GRE imaging, this basic pulse sequence is repeated as many times as image lines have to be acquired. Additional gradients or radio frequency pulses are introduced with the aim to spoil to refocus the xy-magnetization at the moment when the spin system is subject to the next α pulse.
As a result of the short repetition time, the z-magnetization cannot fully recover and after a few initial α pulses there is an equilibrium established between z-magnetization recovery and z-magnetization reduction due to the α pulses.
Gradient echoes have a lower SAR, are more sensitive to field inhomogeneities and have a reduced crosstalk, so that a small or no slice gap can be used. In or out of phase imaging depending on the selected TE (and field strength of the magnet) is possible. As the flip angle is decreased, T1 weighting can be maintained by reducing the TR. T2* weighting can be minimized by keeping the TE as short as possible, but pure T2 weighting is not possible. By using a reduced flip angle, some of the magnetization value remains longitudinal (less time needed to achieve full recovery) and for a certain T1 and TR, there exist one flip angle that will give the most signal, known as the "Ernst angle".
Contrast values:
PD weighted: Small flip angle (no T1), long TR (no T1) and short TE (no T2*)
T1 weighted: Large flip angle (70°), short TR (less than 50ms) and short TE
T2* weighted: Small flip angle, some longer TR (100 ms) and long TE (20 ms)

Classification of GRE sequences can be made into four categories:
See also Gradient Recalled Echo Sequence, Spoiled Gradient Echo Sequence, Refocused Gradient Echo Sequence, Ultrafast Gradient Echo Sequence.
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 MRI Liver In Phase  Open this link in a new window
    
 MRI Liver Out Of Phase  Open this link in a new window
    
 MVP Parasternal  Open this link in a new window
 Breast MRI Images T1 Pre - Post Contrast  Open this link in a new window
 Circle of Willis, Time of Flight, MIP  Open this link in a new window
    
SlidersSliders Overview

 
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Enhanced Fast GRadient Echo 3-Dimensional (efgre3D) or THRIVE
   by www.mri.tju.edu    
  News & More:
MRI evaluation of fatty liver in day to day practice: Quantitative and qualitative methods
Wednesday, 3 September 2014   by www.sciencedirect.com    
T1rho-prepared balanced gradient echo for rapid 3D T1rho MRI
Monday, 1 September 2008   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
MRI Resources 
Portals - Examinations - Guidance - Non-English - Jobs - Breast MRI
 
CHORUS 1.5T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.isoltech.co.kr/english/product/default.htm 'Next generation MRI system 1.5T CHORUS developed by ISOL Technology is optimized for both clinical diagnostic imaging and for research development.
CHORUS offers the complete range of feature oriented advanced imaging techniques- for both clinical routine and research. The compact short bore magnet, the patient friendly design and the gradient technology make the innovation to new degree of perfection in magnetic resonance.'
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Short bore
Head, C-spine, L-spine, TMJ, Knee, Shoulder, General purpose, Phased Array System: 4 digital receiver channels (Up to 12 channels)
Optional
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral: Optional/yes, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
Spin Echo, Gradient Echo, Fast Spin Echo, Inversion Recovery (STIR, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery), FLASH, FISP, PSIF, Turbo Flash ( MPRAGE ),TOF MR Angiography, Standard echo planar imaging package (SE-EPI, GE-EPI), Optional: Advanced P.A. Imaging Package (up to 4 ch.), Advanced echo planar imaging package, Single Shot and Diffusion Weighted EPI, IR/FLAIR EPI
IMAGING MODES
2D/3D, Travelling Sat, Multi-Slab 3D, MTC and TONE Pulse Sequence, Fat/Water Suppression, Presaturation (up to 6 bands), Flow Compensation using GMR pulse, Multi-Slice, Multi-Group Imaging
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Image reconstruction time (2562 ) : 0.02 s
FOV
40 cm
BORE DIAMETER
or W x H
58 cm diameter (patient)
MAGNET WEIGHT
4050 kg
H*W*D
233 x 206 x 160 cm
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Water-cooled coil and air-cooled amplifier
CRYOGEN USE
0.07 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
20 mT/m (Upto 27 mT/m)
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.5 m / 3.8 m
Passive and active
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MRI Resources 
Education - Musculoskeletal and Joint MRI - Corporations - Patient Information - Supplies - Resources
 
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