(MOTSA) This technique combines the best features of 2D time of flight angiography (2D TOF) and 3D TOF MRA. The MOTSA technique consists of multiple 2 cm thick 3D TOF slabs (which minimize saturation effects for through plane flow) combine to provide unlimited coverage similar to multiple 2D TOF slices. High resolution imaging of the carotid arteries is possible when image quality is of greater concern than acquisition time. Images with 1 mm (or less) spatial resolution in all three planes are required. The slabs typically overlap 25-40 to minimize the venetian blind artifact venetian blind artifact due to minimal saturation effects. MOTSA is an useful technique for the evaluation of vertebrobasilar ischemia and aneurysm scanning from the foramen magnum through the circle of Willis.

This angiographic sequence is sensitive to various flow velocities and is used for ,e.g. the peripheral arteries.

Creation of images of objects such as the body by use of the nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon. The immediate practical application involves imaging the distribution of hydrogen nuclei (protons) in the body. The image brightness in a given region depends on the spin density and the relaxation times, with their relative importance determined by the particular imaging technique employed. Image brightness is also affected by motion such as blood flow.

See also Zeugmatography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI.

(PRESTO) PRESTO is a 3 dimensional ultrafast gradient echo sequence that combines the whole brain coverage with T2* weighted imaging. PRESTO is useful for BOLD and perfusion imaging studies. In combination with parallel imaging techniques, PRESTO provides higher temporal resolution and more coverage compared to traditional multi slice imaging. In addition, the sensitivity to susceptibility artifacts and flow phenomena is reduced, compared with EPI techniques, enabling MRI scans throughout the brain including the skull base.

See also T2 Star.

See Flow Related Enhancement.