Lumirem® belongs to the negative oral contrast agents (same as GastroMARK®, another brand name for ferumoxsil). Lumirem® is used to distinguish the loops of the bowel from other abdominal structures and physiology. When Lumirem® is ingested, it flows through and darkens the stomach and the small intestine in 30 to 45 minutes. By more clearly identifying the intestinal loops, Lumirem® improves visualization of adjacent abdominal tissues such as the pancreas.
Additionally, in Europe Lumirem® is approved for rectal administration to delineate the lower intestinal system.

Short name: MP 2269, chemical compound: 4-pentyl-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan-1-carboxyl-di-L-aspartyllysine-DTPA, central moiety: Gd2+, relaxivity: r1=6.2, B0=1.0 T
An intravascular positive enhancing MRI contrast agent under development (preclin.) for MR angiography.

MS-325 is the formerly code name of gadofosveset trisodium (new trade name Vasovist). MS-325 belongs to a new class of blood pool agents for magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to diagnose vascular disease. Gadofosveset trisodium has ten times the signal-enhancing power of existing contrast agents as well as prolonged retention in the blood. This enables the rapid acquisition of high resolution MRA's using standard MRI machines.
Gadofosveset trisodium, which is gadolinium-based, stays in the blood stream as a result of transient binding to albumin. Albumin binding offers an additional benefit beyond localization in the blood pool. The contrast agent begins to spin much more slowly, at the rate albumin spins, causing a relaxivity gain that produces a substantially brighter signal than would be possible with freely circulating gadolinium. MS-325 is an intravascular contrast agent intended for use in MRI as an aid in diagnosing aortoiliac occlusive disease in patients with known or suspected peripheral vascular disease (PVD) or abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
Currently clinical trials completed for peripheral vascular disease and coronary artery disease. Additional trials are also being conducted to evaluate MS-325 as an aid in diagnosing breast cancer and suggested that it might be feasible to combine the use of MS-325, injected during peak stress, with delayed high-resolution imaging to identify myocardial perfusion defects.
Vasovist (MS-325) would compete with the contrast agents Ferumoxytol (Code 7228) from AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and NC100150 Injection from Nycomed Amersham, but their further development is uncertain.
Partners in development: EPIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Mallinckrodt Inc., and Bayer Schering Pharma AG. Bayer Schering Pharma has the worldwide marketing rights for the product.
Formerly known under the Mallinckrodt trademark name, AngioMARK®.

See also Classifications, Characteristics, etc.

Magnevist® is a paramagnetic ionic contrast agent for use in magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast enhanced MRI with Magnevist® allows additional diagnostic information of tumors, inflammation and vascular lesions and the determination or differentiation of such lesions.
The contrast enhancing effect is produced by the di-N-methylglucamine salt of gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA), the gadolinium complex of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid. Magnevist® has the strongest effect on T1 weighted images, by increasing T1 signal intensity in tissues where Magnevist® has accumulated.

WARNING: NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS Gadolinium-based contrast agents increase the risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with acute or chronic severe renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73m²), or acute renal insufficiency of any severity due to the hepato-renal syndrome or in the perioperative liver transplantation period.

See also Ionic Intravenous Contrast Agents and Gadopentetate Dimeglumine.

Magnevist® enteral (Gadopentetate) is a Gd-DTPA solution for use as a gastrointestinal contrast agent to visualize the bowel in MRI scans.

See also Positive Oral Contrast Agents and Gadopentetate Gastrointestinal.