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| | | |  | Searchterm 'Spectroscopy' was also found in the following services: | | | | |
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In the 1930's, Isidor Isaac Rabi (Columbia University) succeeded in detecting and measuring single states of rotation of atoms and molecules, and in determining the mechanical and magnetic moments of the nuclei.
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Felix Bloch (Stanford University) and Edward Purcell (Harvard University) developed instruments, which could measure the magnetic resonance in bulk material such as liquids and solids. (Both honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1952.) [The birth of the NMR spectroscopy]
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In the early 70's, Raymond Damadian (State University of New York) demonstrated with his NMR device, that there are different T1 relaxation times between normal and abnormal tissues of the same type, as well as between different types of normal tissues.
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In 1973, Paul Lauterbur (State University of New York) described a new imaging technique that he termed Zeugmatography. By utilizing gradients in the magnetic field, this technique was able to produce a two-dimensional image (back-projection). (Through analysis of the characteristics of the emitted radio waves, their origin could be determined.) Peter Mansfield further developed the utilization of gradients in the magnetic field and the mathematically analysis of these signals for a more useful imaging technique. (Paul C Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield were awarded with the 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine.)
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1977/78: First images could be presented.
A cross section through a finger by Peter Mansfield and Andrew A. Maudsley.
Peter Mansfield also could present the first image through the abdomen.
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In 1977, Raymond Damadian completed (after 7 years) the first MR scanner (Indomitable). In 1978, he founded the FONAR Corporation, which manufactured the first commercial MRI scanner in 1980. Fonar went public in 1981.
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1981: Schering submitted a patent application for Gd-DTPA dimeglumine.
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1982: The first 'magnetization-transfer' imaging by Robert N. Muller.
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In 1983, Toshiba obtained approval from the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan for the first commercial MRI system.
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1986: Jürgen Hennig, A. Nauerth, and Hartmut Friedburg (University of Freiburg) introduced RARE (rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement) imaging. Axel Haase, Jens Frahm, Dieter Matthaei, Wolfgang Haenicke, and Dietmar K. Merboldt (Max-Planck-Institute, Göttingen) developed the FLASH ( fast low angle shot) sequence.
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1988: Schering's MAGNEVIST gets its first approval by the FDA.
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In 1991, fMRI was developed independently by the University of Minnesota's Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR) and Massachusetts General Hospital's (MGH) MR Center.
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From 1992 to 1997 Fonar was paid for the infringement of it's patents from 'nearly every one of its competitors in the MRI industry including giant multi-nationals as Toshiba, Siemens, Shimadzu, Philips and GE'.
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From Hitachi Medical Systems America, Inc.; because of its dependability, the MRP-7000â„¢ remains popular more than a decade after the first U.S. system was shipped. This system maintains a high resale value, what has made it one of the most sought-after scanners on the used MRI equipment market.
Device Information and Specification CLINICAL APPLICATION Whole body DualQuad T/R Body Coil, MA Head, MA C-Spine, MA Shoulder, MA Wrist, MA CTL Spine, MA Knee, MA TMJ, MA Flex Body (3 sizes), Neck, small and large Extremity, PVA (WIP), Breast (WIP), Neurovascular (WIP), Cardiac (WIP) and MA Foot//Ankle (WIP) SE, GE, GR, IR, FIR, STIR, ss-FSE, FSE, DE-FSE/FIR, FLAIR, ss/ms-EPI, ss/ms EPI- DWI, SSP, MTC, SE/GE-EPI, MRCP, SARGE, RSSG, TRSG, BASG, Angiography: CE, PC, 2D/3D TOFIMAGING MODES Single, multislice, volume study horizontal 2.5 m x 2.1 m vertical | | | |
• View the DATABASE results for 'MRP-7000™' (2).
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From ONI Medical Systems, Inc.;
MSK-Extremeâ„¢ MRI system is a dedicated high field extremity imaging device, designed to provide orthopedic surgeons and other physicians with detailed diagnostic images of the foot, ankle, knee, hand, wrist and elbow, all with the clinical confidence and advantages derived from high field, whole body MRI units. The light weight (less than 650 kg) of the OrthOne System performs rapid patient studies, is easy to operate, has a patient friendly open environment and can be installed in a practice office or hospital, all at a cost similar to a low field extremity machine.
New features include a more powerful operating system that offers increased scan speed as well as a 160-mm knee coil with higher signal to noise ratio, and the option of a CD burner.
Device Information and Specification 16 cm knee, 18 cm lower extremity;; 12.3 cm upper extremity, additional high resolution v-SPEC Coils: 80 mm, 100 mm, or 145 mm. SE, FSE, GE2D, GE3D, Inversion recovery (IR), Driven Equilibrium, Fat Saturation (FS), STIR, MT, PD, Flow Compensation (FC), RF spoiling, MTE, No Phase Wrap (NPW) IMAGING MODES Scout, single, multislice, volume 2D less than 200 msec/image X/Y: 64-512; 2 pixel steps 4,096 grey lvls; 256 lvls in 3D POWER REQUIREMENTS 115VAC, 1phase, 20A; 208VAC, 3 phase, 30A COOLING SYSTEM TYPE LHe with 2 stage cold head 1.25m radial x 1.8m axial | | | | | | | Further Reading: | Basics:
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| | | Searchterm 'Spectroscopy' was also found in the following services: | | | | |
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Quick Overview
DESCRIPTION
Increase of the T2 time, bright signal in tendons
HELP
Angle not about 55°
The magic angle is a precisely defined angle, the value is approximately 54.7°. Hence, two nuclei with a dipolar coupling vector at an angle of approximately 54.7° to a strong external magnetic field have zero dipolar coupling.
Magic angle spinning is a technique in solid-state NMR spectroscopy, which employs this principle to remove or reduce dipolar couplings, thereby increasing spectral resolution.
In MRI, the magic angle effect visualizes as bright spots through an increased T2 time on short echo time (TE) images, for e.g. collagen fibers of tendons and ligaments, which are oriented at the magic angle of approximately 54.7° to the magnetic field.
Image Guidance
Take care that tendons and ligaments are not oriented at about a 54.7° angle to the main magnetic field. | | | | | | | Further Reading: | Basics:
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