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News  (175)  Resources  (36)  Forum  (11)  
 
Postprocessing
 
MR images can be manipulated for evaluation in various ways. Postprocessing includes: Subtraction, addition, rotation, inversion, multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP), etc.
Subtraction is particularly useful in contrast enhanced MRI examinations (for example breast MRI, brain MRI). The pre contrast images are subtracted from the images after an injection of contrast agents (sometimes also called dye) for a better tumor detection.

See also Computer Aided Detection
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 PCA-MRA 3D Brain Venography Colored MIP  Open this link in a new window
    

 TOF-MRA Circle of Willis Inverted MIP  Open this link in a new window
    

 
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
3D-DOCTOR Tutorial
   by www.ablesw.com    
  News & More:
Improvement of semantic segmentation through transfer learning of multi-class regions with convolutional neural networks on supine and prone breast MRI images
Thursday, 27 April 2023   by www.nature.com    
Cardiac MRI Becoming More Widely Available Thanks to AI and Reduced Exam Times
Wednesday, 19 February 2020   by www.dicardiology.com    
MRI Resources 
Resources - MRI Physics - Jobs pool - Contrast Enhanced MRI - Absorption and Emission - Open Directory Project
 
ProHance®InfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Contrast Agents -
 
ProHance® consists of a nonionic gadolinium complex (Gadoteridol) used as a paramagnetic MR contrast agent.
ProHance® provides contrast enhancement of the brain, spine and surrounding tissues resulting in improved visualization (compared with unenhanced MRI) of lesions with abnormal vascularity or those thought to cause a disruption of the normal blood brain barrier. ProHance® can also be used for whole body contrast enhanced MRI including the head, neck, liver, breast, musculoskeletal system and soft tissue pathologies.

WARNING: NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS Gadolinium-based contrast agents increase the risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with acute or chronic severe renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2), or acute renal insufficiency of any severity due to the hepato-renal syndrome or in the perioperative liver transplantation period.

See Gadoteridol.
Drug Information and Specification
NAME OF COMPOUND
Gadoteridol, Gd-HP-DO3A
CENTRAL MOIETY
Gd2+
CONTRAST EFFECT
T1, Predominantly positive enhancement
r1=3.7, r2=4.8, B0=1.0T
PHARMACOKINETIC
Intravascular, extracellular, renal excretion
630 mosm/kgH2O
CONCENTRATION
0.5 mol/L, 279.3mg/ml
DOSAGE
0.1 mmol Gd/kg
PREPARATION
Finished product
INDICATION
Neuro/whole body
DEVELOPMENT STAGE
For sale
DISTRIBUTOR
See below
PRESENTATION
Vials of 5, 10, 15 and 20 mL
Glass syringes of 5, 10, 15 and 17 mL
DO NOT RELY ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HERE, THEY ARE
NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PACKAGE INSERT!
Distribution Information
TERRITORY
TRADE NAME
DEVELOPMENT
STAGE
DISTRIBUTOR
USA
EU
ProHance®
for sale
Australia
ProHance®
for sale
Japan
ProHance®
for sale
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Important Drug Warning for Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents
Wednesday, 12 September 2007   by www.ismrm.org    
Prohance Product Information
   by www.drugs.com    
  News & More:
RSNA Statement on Gadolinium-Based MR Contrast Agents
Thursday, 1 February 2018   by www.rsna.org    
Spurious Hypocalcemia After Omniscan- or OptiMARK-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Algorithm for Minimizing a False-Positive Laboratory Value
October 2004   by www.findarticles.com    
FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are retained in the body; requires new class warnings
Tuesday, 19 December 2017   by www.fda.gov    
EMA's final opinion confirms restrictions on use of linear gadolinium agents in body scans
Friday, 21 July 2017   by www.ema.europa.eu    
MRI Resources 
Quality Advice - Diffusion Weighted Imaging - Knee MRI - Resources - Universities - MRI Accidents
 
Signa 3.0T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gehealthcare.com/usen/mr/s_excite3/index.html (Signa VH/i 3.0T)
With GE Healthcare leading-edge technology in ultra-high-field imaging. The 3 T VH/i provides a platform for advanced applications in radiology, cardiology, psychology and psychiatry. Real-time image processing lets you acquire multislice whole brain images and map brain functions for research or surgical planning. And the 3 T Signa VH/i is flexible enough to provide clinicians with high performance they require. It can provide not only outstanding features in brain scanning and neuro-system research, but also a wide range of use in scanning breasts, extremities, the spine and the cardiovascular systems.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Cylindrical - high homogeneity
T/R quadrature head, T/R quadrature body, T/R phased array extremity (opt)
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE, FGRE, RF-spoiled GRE, FSE, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D phase contrast vascular
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine, localizer
SINGLE SLICE
100 Images/sec with Reflex100
MULTISLICE
100 Images/sec with Reflex100
1 cm to 40 cm continuous
2D 0.5-100mm in 0.1mm incremental
1280 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
55cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
15102 kg incl. cryogen's
H*W*D
260cm x 238cm x 265cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415, 3 phase ||
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled grad.
Less than 0.14 L/hr liquid He
STRENGTH
40mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD, radial/axial
5.4 m x 3.2 m
Superconductive + hi order active
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Signa HDe 1.5T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
www.vitalcom.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hde-15t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
GE Healthcare has added the Signa HDe 1.5T™, a compact MRI device at an affordable price to its family of MRI products. It has a single electronic cabinet that can be positioned inside the scanner room rather than in a separate equipment room. The Signa HDe 1.5T can be installed in the same physical location as 0.5T MRI systems with minimal construction costs. According to GE, the installation has been simplified to last only 7 days and has a 30 percent smaller footprint than a typical 1.5T system.
The 1.5T Signa™ HDe MRI system is substantially equivalent to the currently marketed GE 1.5T machines. The data acquisition system supports 1, 4, 8 independent receive channels and multiple independent coil elements per channel during a single acquisition series. The gradient specifications of HDe are lower than other GE Signa 1.5T MRI systems, but it can support clinical applications in cardiac and spectroscopy imaging.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Head and body coil standard; all other coils optional e.g., abdomen, spine, breast, knee, shoulder, cardiac imaging coils
Possible
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating, (SmartPrep, SmartStep)
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI
IMAGING MODES
2D single slice, multi slice, and 3D volume images, multi slab, cine
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1028 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
CRYOGEN USE, L/hr
less than 0.03 L/hr liquid helium
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Signa HDe 1.5T
   by www.gehealthcare.com/    
MRI Resources 
Developers - MRCP - Guidance - Spectroscopy pool - Pediatric and Fetal MRI - Service and Support
 
Signa HDx 1.5T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
www.vitalcom.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hdx-15t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
The GE Signa HDx MRI system is a whole body magnetic resonance scanner designed to support high resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and short scan times.
The 1.5T Signa HDx MR Systems is a modification of the currently marketed GE 1.5T machines, with the main difference being the change to the receive chain architecture that includes a thirty two independent receive channels, and allows for future expansion in 16 channel increments. The overall system has been improved with a simplified user interface and a single 23" liquid crystal display, improved multi channel surface coil connectivity, and an improved image reconstruction architecture known as the Volume Recon Engine (VRE).
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Possible
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating, (SmartPrep, SmartStep)
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor,
IMAGING MODES
2D single slice, multi slice, and 3D volume images, multi slab, cine
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1028 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
CRYOGEN USE, L/hr
less than 0.03 L/hr liquid helium
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MRI Resources 
Cochlear Implant - Diffusion Weighted Imaging - Lung Imaging - Intraoperative MRI - IR - Contrast Enhanced MRI
 
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