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Result : Searchterm 'tensor' found in 2 terms [] and 14 definitions []
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Nerve Conductivity
 
Rapid echo planar imaging and high-performance MRI gradient systems create fast-switching magnetic fields that can stimulate muscle and nerve tissues produced by either changing the electrical resistance or the potential of the excitation. There are apparently no effects on the conduction of impulses in the nerve fiber up to field strength of 0.1 T. A preliminary study has indicated neurological effects by exposition to a whole body imager at 4.0 T. Theoretical examinations argue that field strengths of 24 T are required to produce a 10% reduction of nerve impulse conduction velocity.
Nerve stimulations during MRI scans can be induced by very rapid changes of the magnetic field. This stimulation may occur for example during diffusion weighted sequences or diffusion tensor imaging and can result in muscle contractions caused by effecting motor nerves. The so-called magnetic phosphenes are attributed to magnetic field variations and may occur in a threshold field change of between 2 and 5 T/s. Phosphenes are stimulations of the optic nerve or the retina, producing a flashing light sensation in the eyes. They seem not to cause any damage in the eye or the nerve.
Varying magnetic fields are also used to stimulate bone-healing in non-unions and pseudarthroses. The reasons why pulsed magnetic fields support bone-healing are not completely understood. The mean threshold levels for various stimulations are 3600 T/s for the heart, 900 T/s for the respiratory system, and 60 T/s for the peripheral nerves.
Guidelines in the United States limit switching rates at a factor of three below the mean threshold for peripheral nerve stimulation. In the event that changes in nerve conductivity happens, the MRI scan parameters should be adjusted to reduce dB/dt for nerve stimulation.
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• For this and other aspects of MRI safety see our InfoSheet about MRI Safety.
• Patient-related information is collected in our MRI Patient Information.

 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
Electrical eddy currents in the human body: MRI scans and medical implants
   by www.phy.olemiss.edu    
  News & More:
NERVE STIMULATORS
Tuesday, 18 January 2005   by www.health.adelaide.edu.au    
Conductivity tensor mapping of the human brain using diffusion tensor MRI
   by www.pnas.org    
MRI Safety Resources 
Cochlear Implant - Implant and Prosthesis pool - Safety pool - Pacemaker - Safety Products
 
Signa HDx 1.5T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
www.vitalcom.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hdx-15t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
The GE Signa HDx MRI system is a whole body magnetic resonance scanner designed to support high resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and short scan times.
The 1.5T Signa HDx MR Systems is a modification of the currently marketed GE 1.5T machines, with the main difference being the change to the receive chain architecture that includes a thirty two independent receive channels, and allows for future expansion in 16 channel increments. The overall system has been improved with a simplified user interface and a single 23" liquid crystal display, improved multi channel surface coil connectivity, and an improved image reconstruction architecture known as the Volume Recon Engine (VRE).
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Possible
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating, (SmartPrep, SmartStep)
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor,
IMAGING MODES
2D single slice, multi slice, and 3D volume images, multi slab, cine
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1028 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
CRYOGEN USE, L/hr
less than 0.03 L/hr liquid helium
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MRI Resources 
Bioinformatics - PACS - Case Studies - Online Books - Equipment - Homepages
 
Signa Infinity 1.5T™ TwinSpeed with ExciteInfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gehealthcare.com/usen/mr/s_excite15/index.html From GE Healthcare;
three dedicated MRI systems - a neuro imager, a cardiovascular system, and a whole body scanner - all in one system.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Short bore
Head and body coil standard; all other coils optional; open architecture makes system compatible with a wide selection of coils
Optional 2D/3D brain and prostate
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast;; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor
IMAGING MODES
Localizer, single slice, multislice, volume, fast, POMP, multi slab, cine
TR
1.2 to 12000 msec in increments of 1 msec
TE
0.4 to 2000 msec in increments of 1 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Simultaneous scan and reconstruction;; up to 200 or 400 images per second
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1280 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
60 cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
3863 kg
H*W*D
172 x 208 x 216 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
Less than 0.03 L/hr liquid He
STRENGTH
Zoom 40 mT/m, whole body 23 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
4.0 m x 2.8 m axial x radial
Active
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Signa Infinity 1.5T™ TwinSpeed with Excite' (2).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  News & More:
Twin Gradient Technology - Potential Advantages For Diffusion Weighted MRI(.pdf)
   by www.paulrharvey.co.uk    
Searchterm 'tensor' was also found in the following services: 
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News  (15)  Resources  (4)  Forum  (3)  
 
Signa Infinity 1.5T™ with ExciteInfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gehealthcare.com/usen/mr/s_excite15/index.html From GE Healthcare;
'EXCITE technology has the potential to open the door to new imaging techniques and clinical applications, leaping beyond conventional two and three-dimensional MRI to true 4D imaging that will improve the diagnosis of disease throughout the human body from head to foot.' Robert R. Edelman, M.D., Professor of Radiology at Northwestern University Medical School and Chairman, Department of Radiology, at Evanston Northwestern Healthcare.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Short bore
Head and body coil standard; all other coils optional; open architecture makes system compatible with a wide selection of coils
Optional 2D/3D brain and prostate
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating, (SmartPrep, SmartStep)
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast;; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor
IMAGING MODES
Localizer, single slice, multislice, volume, fast, POMP, multi slab, cine
TR
1.3 to 12000 msec in increments of 1 msec
TE
0.4 to 2000 msec in increments of 1 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Simultaneous scan and reconstruction;; up to 200 or 400 images per second
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1028 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
0.08 mm; 0.02 mm optional
MAGNET WEIGHT
3863 kg
H*W*D
172 x 208 x 216 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
CRYOGEN USE, L/hr
less than 0.03 L/hr liquid helium
STRENGTH
SmartSpeed 23 mT/m, HiSpeed Plus 33 mT/m, EchoSpeed Plus 33 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
4.0 m x 2.8 m axial x radial
Active
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Signa Infinity 1.5T™ with Excite' (2).Open this link in a new window

MRI Resources 
Stimulator pool - Health - Distributors - Intraoperative MRI - Implant and Prosthesis - Societies
 
Signa OpenSpeed™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gehealthcare.com/usen/mr/open_speed/index.html From GE Healthcare;
a friendly and less confining appearance targets the 7% of individuals who refuse to have an MRI because of claustrophobia. This open MRI system is also up to three times faster than other scanners, therefore the Signa OpenSpeed™ reducing exam time and scheduling issues. In addition, a swing table provides better access and supports up to 500 pounds.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Integrated transmit and receive body coil; 4 channel head array, 8 channel CTL array, 2 channel shoulder array, 3 channel large extremity array, 3 channel small extremity array, 4 channel foot array, 3 channel wrist array, 4 channel breast array
SYNCHRONIZATION
Standard cardiac gating, ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast;; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor
IMAGING MODES
Localizer, single slice, multislice, volume, fast, POMP, multi slab, cine
TR
1.3 to 12000 msec in increments of 1 msec
TE
0.4 to 2000 msec in increments of 1 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Simultaneous scan and reconstruction;; 100 images/second with Reflex 100
1cm to 40 cm continuous
2D: 0.8mm - 20mm 3D: 0.1mm - 20mm
1280 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase//freq.
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
0.08 mm; 0.02 mm optional
175 x 85 x 447 cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
8256 kg
H*W*D
530 x 175 x 250 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
200 - 480, 3-phase
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Liquid helium
0.03 L/hr, holds 300 L
STRENGTH
25 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
4.7 m/ 3.8 m
Computerized passive shimming during magnet setup, autoshim per series with automatic table motion to magnet isocenter for each prescription
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Signa OpenSpeed™' (2).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  News & More:
MR Surgical Suite, Improving surgical procedure quality (.pdf)
   by www3.gehealthcare.com    
MRI Resources 
Software - Stimulator pool - Collections - Contrast Agents - Calculation - Shoulder MRI
 
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