Flow and motion artifacts are rotated about 90°, caused by the exchange of phase and frequency encoding direction. That prevents artifacts from hiding structures of interest.

Virtually any instability or fluctuations in the system will cause artifacts of this type, of greater or lesser intensity.

See Motion Artifact.

(LOTA) Data averaging for reducing motion artifacts.

(PROPELLER) The PROPELLER MRI technique reduces the sensitivity to various sources of image artifacts (e.g., motion artifact, field inhomogeneity artifact, eddy current artifact). PROPELLER can be used with gradient echo and turbo spin echo sequences in a wide range of applications to improve the image quality, for example cardiac MRI, brain MRI, and pediatric examinations.

See Phase Encoded Motion Artifact.